Projects and Experiences

Comprehensive Review on Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS)

2025 – 2026

Comprehensive Review on Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS)

First-authored a landmark systematic review on Vagus Nerve Stimulation, synthesizing extensive clinical and preclinical evidence to create the field's most comprehensive analysis and establish an evidence-based roadmap for future research and treatment protocols

Bioelectronics MedicineVagus Nerve StimulationComprehensive ReviewPhysiology
PTSD Evaluation from Physiological Features and Biomarkers

2025 – 2026

PTSD Evaluation from Physiological Features and Biomarkers

Mentoring graduate students to design deep learning models to classify PTSD likelihood after battlefield deployment, providing a more objective evaluation

PTSDMentorshipDeep Learning
Roadmap for the Next Generation of Bioelectronic Medicine

2024 – 2025

Roadmap for the Next Generation of Bioelectronic Medicine

Co-proposed technical framework for next-generation bioelectronic medicine, establishing non-invasive closed-loop neuromodulation approaches for mental health and inflammation diagnostics and precision treatment via autonomic nervous system monitoring

Bioelectronic MedcineClosed-Loop NeuromodulationNeuro-Immune Diagnostics
Cardiac Disease Detection using AI Models

2024 – 2025

Cardiac Disease Detection using AI Models

Mentored graduate students to design deep learning models to classify cardiovascular disease from >800,000 ECG recording, reaching 97% accuracy

Cardiovascular DieseasesMentorshipSignal ProcessingDeep Learning
Qualcomm Institute Artificial Intelligence Program Instructor

2022 – 2024

Qualcomm Institute Artificial Intelligence Program Instructor

Instructed biannual AI Development Project for 100+ undergraduates from 9 top universities in South Korean on machine learning algorithms, big data analysis, and applied AI through supervised team projects

MentorshipMachine LearningAIBig Data Analysis
Magnetoencephalography (MEG) Based Brain-Computer Interface (BCI)

2022 – 2023

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) Based Brain-Computer Interface (BCI)

Developed MEG-RPSnet deep learning model achieving 86% accuracy in decoding hand gestures from noninvasive brain imaging data, matching invasive electrocorticography (ECoG) performance

Magnetoencephalography (MEG)BCISignal ProcessingDeep Learning
A Bedside Vital Sign Remote Monitoring Device

2023

A Bedside Vital Sign Remote Monitoring Device

Built a bedside vital sign monitoring device that can monitor live heart rate, ANG, and beat-to-beat heart rate variability (HRV) remotely

Signal ProcessingHeart Rate VariabilityDevice DesignWireless CommunicationGUI Design
Spasticity Assessment Though Engineering Technology

2017-2019

Spasticity Assessment Though Engineering Technology

Developed an instrumented glove for objective spasticity assessment—a project that fundamentally shaped my understanding of how engineering can directly translate into improved patient outcomes

Machine LearningPatient-focus
One-Person Food Service

2014-2016

One-Person Food Service

Solo-operated lunch service handling ingredient sourcing, cooking, delivery, and accounting end-to-end, all while managing academic commitments

EntrepreneurshipOperations ManagementSelf-relianceCooking
Local Food Delivery Business and LAX Shuttle Service

2015-2016

Local Food Delivery Business and LAX Shuttle Service

Co-founded Feidish Inc, one of the earlist food delivery service (similar to doordash) in the region; run LAX shuttle service during breaks

EntrepreneurshipCommercial Negotiation Operations ManagementSelf-relianceTeam Managment
Coming-of-Age Challenge: Biking 650 miles in 5 Days at 18

2013

Coming-of-Age Challenge: Biking 650 miles in 5 Days at 18

Rode 650 miles solo over five days including moutain terrian, using only a compass and a map for navigation

Problem SolvingAdventureUncertainty Adaptation

Publications

A Review of Vagus Nerve Stimulation For Disease: Comprehensive Theory And Evidence For Mechanisms of Action (Accepted)

Yifeng Bu, Alex Liang, Benjamin U. Hoffman, Dawn Schiehser, Oliver Case, Alan Simmons, Ruth Klaming, Andres Gottfried-Blackmore, Ravinder K. Mittal, Christopher Puleo, Hubert Lim, Imanuel Lerman

Comprehensive Physiology·2026

Next generation bioelectronic medicine: making the case for non-invasive closed-loop autonomic neuromodulation

Imanuel Lerman, Yifeng Bu, Rahul Singh, Harold A Silverman, Anuj Bhardwaj, Alex J Mann, Alik Widge, Joseph Palin, Christopher Puleo, Hubert Lim

Bioelectronic Medicine·2025
DOI: 10.1186/s42234-024-00163-4

Non-invasive ventral cervical magnetoneurography as a proxy of in vivo lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation

Yifeng Bu, Jamison Burks, Kun Yang, Jacob Prince, Amir Borna, Christopher L Coe, Alan Simmons, Xin M Tu, Dewleen Baker, Donald Kimball, Ramesh Rao, Vishal Shah, Mingxiong Huang, Peter Schwindt, Todd P Coleman, Imanuel Lerman

Nature Communications Biology·2025
DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06435-8

Magnetoencephalogram-based brain–computer interface for hand-gesture decoding using deep learning

Yifeng Bu, Deborah L Harrington, Roland R Lee, Qian Shen, Annemarie Angeles-Quinto, Zhengwei Ji, Hayden Hansen, Jaqueline Hernandez-Lucas, Jared Baumgartner, Tao Song, Sharon Nichols, Dewleen Baker, Ramesh Rao, Imanuel Lerman, Tuo Lin, Xin Ming Tu, Mingxiong Huang

Cerebral Cortex·2023
DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad173

Effects of High Frequency Spinal Cord Stimulation as Measured by Autonomic Tone and fMRI

Yifeng Bu, Taylor McClure, Rosalynn Conic, Sopyda Yin, Jamison Burks, Imanuel Lerman, Alan Simmons

Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface·2023
DOI: 10.1016/j.neurom.2023.04.073

Leveraging Machine Learning for Early Septicemia Detection From Noninvasive Analysis of the Autonomic Nervous System

Yifeng Bu, Abdullah Albattal, Jamison Burks, Truong Nguyen, Imanuel Lerman

Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface·2023

Noninvasive Human Immunotyping Through Machine Learning Using the Autonomic Nervous System

Jamison Burks, Yifeng Bu, Abdullah Albattal, Truong Nguyen, Imanuel Lerman

Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface·2023

A flexible adhesive surface electrode array capable of cervical electroneurography during a sequential autonomic stress challenge

Yifeng Bu, Jonas F Kurniawan, Jacob Prince, Andrew KL Nguyen, Brandon Ho, Nathan LJ Sit, Timothy Pham, Vincent M Wu, Boris Tjhia, Andrew J Shin, Tsung-Chin Wu, Xin M Tu, Ramesh Rao, Todd P Coleman, Imanuel Lerman

Scientific Reports·2023
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21817-w

Peripheral nerve magnetoneurography with optically pumped magnetometers

Yifeng Bu, Jacob Prince, Hamed Mojtahed, Donald Kimball, Vishal Shah, Todd Coleman, Mahasweta Sarkar, Ramesh Rao, Mingxiong Huang, Peter Schwindt, Amir Borna, Imanuel Lerman

Frontiers in Physiology·2022
DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.798376

Non-invasive Targeted Gastric Vagal Complex Stimulation: Preliminary in Human Cutaneous Measures of Gastric Slow Wave Function

Imanuel Lerman, Yifeng Bu, Mingxiong Huang, Vicent Wu, Todd Coleman

The FASEB Journal·2020
DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.09477

Artifacts mitigation in sensors for spasticity assessment

Çağrı Yalçın, Mathew Sam, Yifeng Bu, Moran Amit, Andrew J Skalsky, Michael Yip, Tse Nga Ng, Harinath Garudadri

Advanced Intelligent Systems·2021
DOI: 10.1002/aisy.202000106

A CNN segmentation-based approach to object detection and tracking in ultrasound scans with application to the vagus nerve detection

Abdullah F Al-Battal, Yan Gong, Lu Xu, Timothy Morton, Chen Du, Yifeng Bu, Imanuel R Lerman, Radhika Madhavan, Truong Q Nguyen

2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)·2021
DOI: 10.1109/EMBC46164.2021.9630522

Patents

pending2025

Neural signal detection of immune responses

Imanuel Lerman, Ramesh Rao, Ming-Xiong Huang, Todd P Coleman, Yifeng Bu

US 18/292,659